Fucoidan is a polysaccharide that is found in many species of brown seaweed. Beneath the walls of carefully selected seaweed, it is found. Almost all fucoidan consists of the same backbone structures, but it mostly differs in the combination of its molecules. The composition of fucoidan depends mostly on the harvesting conditions.

Significance of Fucoidan:

The majority of the studies suggest that fucoidan is beneficial for us in many ways, and it helps in inflammation, carcinogen treatments, and oxidative stress. Laboratories study suggest that it is found to slow blood clotting. In this way, it can prevent the growth of cancerous cells. 

Main Mechanism:

Fucoidan helps in triggering apoptosis with the help of decreased expression and with the secretion of the metalloprotein. This results in the suppression of the binding activity of NF-kappaB. Similarly, fucoidan helps protect against liver injury with the help of suppression. With the inflammatory signaling, the pathway is suppressed. The lysis time of the thrombus is shortened with the help of dietary fucoidan. It elevates the prostacyclin secretion which causes an increase in water production in blood. The lapatinib effects are increased in melanoma cells. It helps induce the apoptosis of leukemia virus type that is caused by adult T-Cell.

Molecular Weight of Fucoidan:

The molecular weight of fucoidans is usually high. This is due to the distribution of polydisperse. Techniques that lower the risk of polymer degradation help to preserve this feature. Some other methods can be used to target more specific molecular weight fractions. Hence in this way they are usually used for low molecular weight fractions are generally low-yielding and tend to be used for functional research.

Fucoidan and Modern Science:

Fucoidan has provided positive results in the vast majority of areas of modern science. After the popularity of fucoidan, modern applications and researches have been developed on fucoidan and this shows the interest of people towards this polysaccharide. Fucoidan plays a vital role in society that is why its support is continuously growing. Algae was used before fucoidan but now since fucoidan is much more beneficial so it is used. Each type of fucoidan is essential for the validation of therapeutic activities. Future examinations based on the clear validation of fucoidan should aid in establishing a better insight into their biological effects. This will soon be possible because of the advancement in the available measurement techniques. The key factor in creating successful medicinal products is based on the knowledge of chemistry and structural variability of separate types of fucoidan. It should be respected that some studies shown in this review are now undertaking further studies, following up on what they have done yet. Further, they also indicate that future studies are now underway, and will be open soon that is based on the past and present work. This paves the path for what will be understood as a tried and tested regimen, should it one day be used as medicine.